Download PDF Justice as Fairness: A Restatement
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Justice as Fairness: A Restatement
Download PDF Justice as Fairness: A Restatement
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Amazon.com Review
Few philosophers have made as much of a splash with a single book as John Rawls did with the 1971 publication of A Theory of Justice. Thirty years later, Justice as Fairness rearticulates the main themes of his earlier work and defends it against the swarm of criticisms it has attracted. Throughout the book, Rawls continues to defend his well-known thought experiment in which an "original position"--a sort of prenatal perspective ignorant of our race, class, and gender--provides the basis for formulating ethical principles that result in a harmonious liberal state. In addition, he supplies carefully worked-out responses and, in some cases, reformulations of his theory. Those coming to Rawls for the first time will find a lucid portrayal of his position; those embroiled in the ongoing debate will encounter a closely argued and subtle rejoinder to his adversaries. Readers will be pleased that the daunting volumes of Rawls's previous work have been distilled to a digestible 214 pages. --Eric de Place
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From Library Journal
Rawls set out his contractualist conception of justice in A Theory of Justice and revised it in a later edition. From 1974 to 1989, he published articles whose theses varied somewhat from the detailed account of that work. In this self-contained attempt to reconcile the differences, he reorganizes his "original position" argument; revises his liberty principle to emphasize that there is not a single "liberty" that governments should aim at, but a set of liberties that ground citizens' powers to form and act from conceptions of justice and of a fully worthwhile life; and reanalyzes justice as fairness, so as to emphasize its political aspects. This book is the capstone to a half-century's deep thinking about its subject and will reward careful study. Recommended for most libraries. Robert Hoffman, York Coll., CUNY Copyright 2001 Reed Business Information, Inc.
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Product details
Paperback: 240 pages
Publisher: Belknap Press: An Imprint of Harvard University Press; 2nd edition (May 16, 2001)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 9780674005112
ISBN-13: 978-0674005112
ASIN: 0674005112
Product Dimensions:
6 x 0.5 x 9.2 inches
Shipping Weight: 9.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
4.0 out of 5 stars
20 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#39,826 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
Really a great work from a great philosopher. It is a work of academic philosophy, so be prepared to have to work hard to keep all the ideas together--the first principles build on the ideas common to democratic society and so it goes.A last comment is that the primary audience of this work is students trying to merely understand Rawls' "Theory" and his critics (it answers many objections and modifies his Theory to accomadate his best critics). A cynical reader will be upset, but a sympathetic reader will find a hopeful and reasonable framework for a democratic society whose can be citizens free and equal.
Socialism in a deluxe package!
Reading this book is like walking through mud, but the effort is worth it. If you are going to be reading and writing about justice, this is one of the books that you need to know. However, be warned that this is difficult reading. Rawls' ideas are good, but his ability to write clear and understandable sentences leaves a lot to be desired. I had to read several of his sentences or paragraphs 3 or 4 times before I could figure out what he was trying to say. Nonetheless, the book is worth struggling with, because so many other authors refer to Rawls' ideas.
This is the last statement of Rawls' political philosophy and is required reading for economists and political scientists.
In "Justice as Fairness," John Rawls summarizes, restates, defends, and, in places, corrects the argument of his epochal "A Theory of Justice." Rawls' basic aim is to articulate a conception of justice appropriate for a pluralistic democratic society. He is largely successful: many parts of "Justice as Fairness" are profound and gem-like. However, other parts are sketchy, digressions abound, and, weirdly, Rawls' argument flows backward, with the conclusions identified and unpacked before the premises (the "original position") are set forth. It's no surprise that "Justice as Fairness" began life as lecture notes. Bottomline: the book is a must read for anyone who enjoyed "A Theory of Justice." However, other readers might get lost or wonder what the fuss is about.
I found the book enjoyable to read, it provided interesting aspects on Justice, specifically how it can become a universal, elaborates the importance of protecting human rights and creating inequality that best benefit the poor.What I like about the book is that it provides a key account on how to create a utopian society my only critic is that the family model tends to make Women subjected to men hence has a gender inequality issue.Over all I would recommend others to read.
John Rawls (1921-2002) was perhaps the most influential political philosopher of the second half of the 20th Century, though his books were read almost exclusively by academics, and even among academics chiefly by students of political science, law, and history. His writing style is not attractive to casual readers. It's dense, abstract, sometimes verbose, always composed in the special vernacular of the academic social sciences. Nevertheless, his ideas have percolated through the social and political discourse of the USA and Europe, and have seeped even through the limestone skulls of politicians who might not recognize his name.Rawls studied at Princeton and Oxford, taught at Cornell, MIT, and for forty years at Harvard. He was teaching there when Barack Obama was a stiudent at Harvard Law School. Obama was unquestionably acquainted with the man himself and familiar with his writings and lectures. The most insightful intellectual biography of Barack Obama currently available is "Reading Obama" by Harvard professer James Kloppenberg. That book examines the influence that Rawls and other thinkers Obama encountered at Harvard must have had on Obama's political concepts, and makes a strong case that Obama's own writing, speaking, and decision-making reflect ideas that are in accord with Rawls's philosophy of Justice.Rawls first captured the attention of the intellectual world with his 1971 book "A Theory of Justice." That book has remained the most commonly studied of his texts, an unfortunate fact, since his later books clarify, amplify, and sometimes rectify his basic philosophy. In 1993, he published "Political Liberalism" and in 1999, "The Laws of Peoples." His last book -- Justice as Fairness: a Restatement -- is based on lectures he delivered while teaching at Harvard. It is by far the clearest, most concise, most readable of his works (teaching had obviously sharpened his verbal skills) and the best choice for non-academic readers who want to know what his influence has been.First let me simplify Rawls's thought to a single sentence: Without Fairness, there is no Justice, and without Justice there cannot be a Just Society, and an Unjust Society cannot and should not be stably sustained. [Oh boy, I can hear the howls of outrage from academic readers at such a cartoonish simplification.]Erin Kelly, the editor of this volume, says it far better in a Foreward:"According to justice as fairness, the most reasonable principles of justice are those that would be the object of mutual agreement by persons under fair conditions. Justice as fairness thus develops...from the idea of an [implicit] social contract. The principles it articulates affirm a broadly liberal conception of basic rights ... and only permit inequalities of wealth and income that would be of advantage [also] to the least well off.""Under the political and social conditions of free institutions, we encounter a plurality of distinct and incompatible doctrines, many of which are not unreasonable. [Rawls's later book] Political Liberalism acknowledges and responds to this `fact of reasonable pluralism' by showing how a political conception can fit into various and even conflicting comprehensive doctrines: it is a possible object of an overlapping consensus between them."Overlapping consensus! That's a key phrase in evaluating what pragmatic advice one might look for in Rawls's philosophy. Another pragmatic outcome of his theory of justice would be the idea of `deliberative democracy' or `discourse' as the enabler and stabilizer of the `evolving but never utopian' Just Society.The most significant new explications to be found in Rawls's final book are focused on first clarifying that his `theory' is intended as a political and not as a moral doctrine and then on justifying his premises of `justice as fairness' in a real world of divergent and perhaps irreconcilable beliefs and values. He writes: "... I belive that a democratic society is not and cannot be a community, where by a community I mean a body of persons united in affirming the same comprehensive, or partially comprehensive, doctrine. The fact of a REASONABLE PLURALISM [capitals mine] which characterizes a society with free institutions makes this impossible. This is the fact of profound and irreconcilable differences in citizens' reasonable and comprehensive religious and philosophical conceptions of the world, and in their views of the moral and aesthetic values to be sought in human life."Rawls's thought is obviously in the tradition of the same political philosophers -- John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, James Harrington -- who overwhelmingly influenced the "Founding Fathers" of the American revolution and the Framers of the Constitution. In fact, James Madison would have found little or nothing to disagree with in Rawls's final formulations, and one could easily trace links between the perceptions of Alexis de Tocqueville and both John Rawls and Barcak Obama.I know that I've scarcely begun to present a coherent precis of the political philosphy of John Rawls. I can only hope that I've stirred up some interest in this book. If you need further input before committing yourself to a perhaps difficult and tedious encounter with his `theory of justice', I suggest taking a quick look at the articles about him on wikipedia and, better yet, in the Online Encyclopedia of Philsophy. The book "Reading Obama" by Professor Kloppenberg also summarizes many of Rawls's seminal ideas in the plainest and simplest language.
Dr. Rawls' logic is admirable. His arguments are systematic, logical and inspirational. I find this book to be a piece in effective Western government.
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